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Students' Risks for Out-of-School Suspensions: Indigenous Heritage and Child Protective Services Involvement
Minhae Cho1, Young Ji Yoon2, Shelby K Flanagan3
1School of Social Work, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
Child Maltreatment
|May 18, 2023
Summary
Indigenous students face higher rates of out-of-school suspensions (OSS) and child protective services (CPS) involvement. Increased child maltreatment allegations reduced this disparity, suggesting systemic issues contribute to disproportionate discipline.
Area of Science:
- Education
- Sociology
- Racial Justice
Background:
- Disproportionality in out-of-school suspensions (OSS) is a significant social and racial justice concern.
- Indigenous children are overrepresented in both OSS and child protective services (CPS) systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between CPS involvement, Indigenous heritage, and OSS in Minnesota.
- To analyze discipline disparities for Indigenous students in public schools.
Main Methods:
- Secondary data analysis of a cohort of 60,025 3rd-grade students in Minnesota public schools (2008-2014).
- Zero-inflated negative binomial regression to assess the impact of CPS involvement and Indigenous heritage on OSS frequency.
Main Results:
- Indigenous students had double the odds of suspension compared to white students (OR = 2.06).
- A significant interaction effect was found between CPS involvement and Indigeneity on OSS frequency (OR = 0.88).
- Higher numbers of child maltreatment allegations narrowed the OSS disparity between Indigenous and white students.
Conclusions:
- Systemic racism may contribute to the disproportionately high rates of CPS involvement and OSS among Indigenous students.
- Findings highlight the need for policy and practice interventions to mitigate discipline disparities and address racial injustice in educational and child welfare systems.
Keywords:
child protective servicesdiscipline disparitiesindigenous studentsout-of-school suspensionsystemic racismMore Related Videos
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