Bulbar Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neurodegenerative Disorders

Background:

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons.
• Bulbar onset ALS presents with specific symptoms such as hoarseness and aspiration.

Observation:

• A 45-year-old male presented with hoarseness, tongue fasciculations, and aspiration.
• Over three years, he developed motor aphasia, frequent aspirations, and neck weakness.
• Diagnosis of bulbar onset ALS was confirmed based on neurodegenerative features and normal imaging.

Findings:

• Management included a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube to prevent aspiration pneumonia.
• Respiratory failure necessitated tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation.
• Two courses of Edaravone were administered during treatment.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of early evaluation and diagnosis in ALS.
• Timely management, including nutritional support and respiratory care, is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
• The use of Edaravone in this case provides insights into potential therapeutic strategies for ALS.