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Sensitivity of Spin-Precession Axion Experiments.

Jeff A Dror1, Stefania Gori1, Jacob M Leedom2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA and Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, 1156 High St., Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|May 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nuclear magnetic resonance experiments can detect axion dark matter with 100x greater sensitivity using spin-precession instruments and Xenon-129. This significantly enhances prospects for discovering the QCD axion and related operators.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology
  • Nuclear Physics

Background:

  • Axion dark matter is a leading candidate for non-luminous matter in the universe.
  • Current experimental searches for axions face sensitivity limitations.
  • Understanding signal and background in axion detection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instruments for axion dark matter detection.
  • To identify key differences with existing literature on axion searches.
  • To estimate experimental requirements for improved axion detection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of signal and background processes in NMR axion searches.
  • Theoretical modeling of spin-precession instrument sensitivity.
  • Quantification of sensitivity improvements using a ^{129}Xe sample.

Main Results:

  • Spin-precession instruments are significantly more sensitive than previously estimated for a range of axion masses.
  • Sensitivity improvements up to a factor of 100 were found using a ^{129}Xe sample.
  • The study identifies key differences with existing literature on axion detection sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced sensitivity improves detection prospects for the QCD axion.
  • The findings provide a motivated target for experimental axion searches.
  • Results are applicable to both axion electric and magnetic dipole moment operators.