Clinico-Etiological Evaluation of Epistaxis

Area of Science:

• Otorhinolaryngology
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, is a frequent otorhinolaryngology presentation that can range from minor to life-threatening.
• Understanding the clinical profile and etiology of epistaxis is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the clinical characteristics and underlying causes of epistaxis in a patient cohort.
• To identify demographic, seasonal, and etiological factors associated with nosebleeds.

Main Methods:

• An observational prospective study conducted over 12 months.
• Included 104 patients of all ages and genders presenting with epistaxis.
• Data collected on demographics, medical history, and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

• Males (68.27%) and individuals aged 51-70 years, particularly farmers, were most affected.
• Local causes (50.96%), primarily trauma (23.08%), were more frequent than systemic causes (37.58%), with hypertension being the most common systemic factor.
• Increased incidence observed during cold, dry winter months; non-surgical management (85.58%) was predominant.

Conclusions:

• Trauma and hypertension are significant contributors to epistaxis, especially in older males and during winter.
• Non-surgical interventions are the primary treatment approach.
• Further research into specific risk factors and preventative strategies is warranted.