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Fungal otitis externa and tympanic membrane perforation
Gur Paramjeet Singh Gill1, Vineet Panchal2, Rupinder Bakshi3
1NC Medical College, Panipat, India.
Introduction:
Otomycosis is a fungus-causing superficial infection of the external auditory canal that is common in otolaryngology practice. Though it is a worldwide infection, but is more prevalent in warm and humid regions. There has been rise in the occurrence of otomycosis in the last few years because of the extensive usage of antibiotic eardrops. Other influencing reasons for the occurrence of otomycosis is swimming, an immunocompromised host (e.g.: DM, AIDs) pregnancy, post-canal wall down mastoidectomy, tympanic membrane perforation, hearing aids and self-inflicted injuries.
Methods:
Approval from the institutional ethics committee and penned informed agreement from all patients involved in the examination were obtained. 40 patients were included in the study, starting from 1stAugust to 30th September 2021, which emphasized on otomycosis infection with central tympanic membrane perforation. Physical findings such as whitish ear discharge and the presence of hyphae in the EAC, the ear drum, the middle ear mucosa were used to diagnose otomycosis.
Result:
20 patients of patched group and 20 patients of non-patched group did not visit for follow up. Data here is for patients who followed-up for 3 weeks. Any significant observation regarding statistical variation in the age, size of perforation, mycological analysis and pure tone audiometry among the two groups were not seen.
Conclusion:
To conclude, we state that treatment with clotrimazole solution in patched group is safe in managing otomycosis with tympanic membrane perforation. Otomycosis is a fungus causing surface infection of the external auditory canal that otolaryngologists routinely diagnose by medical examination. In acute otomycosis, overgrowth of the fungus in the external auditory canal is due to increased humidity.
Insights
Clotrimazole solution is a safe treatment for otomycosis (fungal ear infections) with tympanic membrane perforation. This study found no significant differences between patched and non-patched groups in managing this common ear condition.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Otomycosis is a common fungal infection of the external auditory canal, prevalent in warm, humid climates.
- Increased antibiotic eardrop use and factors like swimming and immunocompromised states contribute to rising otomycosis cases.
- Risk factors include diabetes mellitus, AIDS, pregnancy, post-mastoidectomy, tympanic membrane perforation, hearing aid use, and self-inflicted injuries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of clotrimazole solution in managing otomycosis with central tympanic membrane perforation.
- To compare outcomes between a patched group and a non-patched group receiving clotrimazole treatment.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 40 patients with otomycosis and tympanic membrane perforation was conducted between August and September 2021.
- Diagnosis was based on physical findings like whitish ear discharge and presence of hyphae in the external auditory canal, ear drum, and middle ear mucosa.
- Patients were divided into patched and non-patched groups, with follow-up at 3 weeks.
Main Results:
- A total of 40 patients were included, with 20 in the patched group and 20 in the non-patched group.
- No significant statistical variations were observed between the groups regarding age, perforation size, mycological analysis, or pure tone audiometry.
- Data was analyzed for patients who completed the 3-week follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Clotrimazole solution is a safe and effective treatment for otomycosis in patients with tympanic membrane perforation.
- Otolaryngologists routinely diagnose otomycosis through medical examination.
- Increased humidity can lead to fungal overgrowth in the external auditory canal, causing acute otomycosis.
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