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Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask

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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
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Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

Administering Oxygen by Mask

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Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
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Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

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Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
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Gas Exchange and Transport01:20

Gas Exchange and Transport

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Gas exchange, the intake of molecular oxygen (O2) from the environment and the outflow of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the environment, is necessary for cellular function. Gas exchange during respiration occurs largely via the movement of gas molecules along pressure gradients. Gas travels from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure. In mammals, gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs, which are adjacent to capillaries and share a membrane with them.
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Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

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Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
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A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects

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Oxygen storage module with physisorption technology for closed-circuit respirators.

A M Swanger1, J E Fesmire1, R Fernando2

  • 1NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cryogenics Test Laboratory, Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899 USA.

IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering
|May 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New Cryogenic Flux Capacitor (CFC) technology stores oxygen in solid-state using aerogel composites. This innovation offers a compact, high-capacity solution for breathing air in life support systems and emergency respirators.

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Fabrication and Operation of an Oxygen Insert for Adherent Cellular Cultures
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Quantitative Mapping of Specific Ventilation in the Human Lung using Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Oxygen as a Contrast Agent
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Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

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Quantitative Mapping of Specific Ventilation in the Human Lung using Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Oxygen as a Contrast Agent
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Cryogenics Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Current oxygen supply systems in life support and respirators face limitations in capacity, size, and deployment speed.
  • The need for advanced, compact, and rapidly deployable oxygen solutions is critical for emergency response and long-duration missions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of Cryogenic Flux Capacitor (CFC) technology for storing and delivering oxygen in Closed-Circuit Escape Respirators (CCER).
  • To demonstrate the potential of CFC technology as a novel solid-state oxygen storage solution for life support systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nano-porous aerogel composites within CFC devices for solid-state physisorption of fluid molecules.
  • Conducted prototype testing of a Cryogenic Oxygen Storage Module (COSM) to assess charging and discharging parameters.
  • Investigated oxygen physisorption in aerogel materials and CFC core modules.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that CFC technology can store significant quantities of oxygen in a solid-state physisorbed condition at cryogenic temperatures.
  • Prototype testing validated the rapid charge/discharge capabilities of the COSM for on-demand oxygen delivery.
  • Initial data confirmed the viability of aerogel-based physisorption for oxygen storage in CFC modules.

Conclusions:

  • The Cryogenic Flux Capacitor (CFC) technology presents a promising, high-capacity, and compact alternative to conventional oxygen supply systems.
  • The Cryogenic Oxygen Storage Module (COSM) shows significant potential for enhancing the safety and efficiency of Closed-Circuit Escape Respirators (CCER) and other life support applications.
  • Further development and testing are warranted to fully realize the benefits of solid-state cryogenic oxygen storage in real-world scenarios.