Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Real-Time Void Spot Assay
Published on: February 10, 2023
Comparison of Urinary Incontinence in Older White and Black Women: A Pilot Study
Jessica Alden1, Julius Ngwa2, Alice S Ryan3
1Department of Occupational Therapy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
Abstract:
This pilot-cross sectional study compared Urinary Incontinence symptom type and severity, and impact of UI on Quality of Life among older White and Black women. Outcome measures included a three-day bladder diary (3dbd), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire Short Form (IIQ-7), Urinary Distress Inventory Short Form (UDI-6), Medical Epidemiological Social Aspects of Ageing (MESA) questionnaire, and Patient Global Impact of Severity Scale (PGI-S). Participants' characteristics and UI outcomes were analysed with descriptive statistics, Fisher's Exact and Mann-Whitney U tests. Twenty women (10 White, and 10 Black) with mean age of 76.5 (± 4.9 years) participated in the study. There were no significant differences in most UI symptoms based on 3dbd, MESA, PGI-S, UDI-6, and IIQ-7. However, older Black women reported moderate and/or severe impact of UI on their emotional health more frequently (n=7, 70%) compared to White women (n=1, 10%, p=0.02) based on the IIQ-7.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History
Urinary Bladder
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

