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Calreticulin exposure orchestrates innate immunosurveillance
Emma Guilbaud1, Guido Kroemer2, Lorenzo Galluzzi3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Cancer Cell
|May 19, 2023
Summary
Surface calreticulin (CALR) signals myeloid cells for phagocytosis and activates natural killer (NK) cells. This dual action highlights CALR’s role in orchestrating innate immune surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cell surface calreticulin (CALR) is recognized for its role in initiating phagocytosis by myeloid cells.
- The broader functions of CALR in innate immunity are still being elucidated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of surface-exposed calreticulin (CALR) beyond its known pro-phagocytic functions.
- To determine if CALR acts as an endogenous activator of natural killer (NK) cells.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cell-based assays to examine the interaction between CALR and immune cells.
- Investigated the signaling pathways activated by surface CALR on NK cells.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated that surface-exposed CALR functions as an endogenous activator of natural killer (NK) cells.
- Confirmed that CALR exposure orchestrates multiple aspects of innate immunosurveillance.
Conclusions:
- Surface CALR plays a dual role in innate immunity, promoting phagocytosis and activating NK cells.
- CALR exposure is a key mechanism coordinating innate immune responses.
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