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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Building an Enhanced Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Insect Flight

Building an Enhanced Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Insect Flight

Published on: March 10, 2021

Nature-inspired in-flight foldable rotorcraft.

Hitesh Bhardwaj¹, Xinyu Cai¹, Luke Soe Thura Win¹

¹Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.

Bioinspiration & Biomimetics

|May 19, 2023

Summary

This study introduces a novel folding-wing rotorcraft inspired by birds, capable of reducing its size by up to 69% mid-flight for enhanced maneuverability and compact storage.

Keywords:

foldable wing monocopter nature-inspired robots origami unmanned aerial vehicle

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Area of Science:

Robotics
Aerospace Engineering
Bio-inspired Design

Background:

Traditional rotorcraft designs have limitations in maneuverability and storage.
Nature, particularly avian flight, offers advanced solutions for dynamic wing configurations.
Monocopter platforms, inspired by Samara seeds, provide a unique aerodynamic base.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel rotary-wing aerial platform with dynamically folding wings.
To investigate bio-inspired mechanisms for in-flight wing folding, mimicking bird flight.
To enhance the adaptability and practical applications of monocopter designs.

Main Methods:

Utilizing origami techniques for wing construction and folding.
Developing two configurations: one with active folding mechanisms and one with passive mechanisms.
Implementing a cyclic controller for translational motion control via motor pulsing.
Conducting experimental validation of the platform's flight control and folding capabilities.

Main Results:

Demonstrated successful in-flight folding and expansion of wings.
Achieved significant footprint reduction: approximately 39% and 69% for the two configurations.
Validated translational motion control through experimental results.
Proved the platform's ability to navigate confined spaces and perform dives.

Conclusions:

The developed folding-wing rotorcraft offers enhanced maneuverability and reduced footprint.
The integration of origami and bio-inspired design opens new possibilities for aerial platforms.
The active and passive folding mechanisms provide adaptable solutions for diverse applications.