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Pathogenic bacteria associated with outbreaks of respiratory disease in Iranian broiler farms

Mohsen Bashashati1, Mohammad Shojaei2, Fereshteh Sabouri1

  • 1Department of Avian Disease Research and Diagnostics, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.

Veterinary Medicine and Science
|May 21, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Multi-causal respiratory disease in Iranian broiler farms is complex. Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale were detected but not the primary cause, necessitating ongoing surveillance for effective control.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Poultry Health
  • Disease Surveillance

Background:

  • Multi-causal respiratory infections are prevalent in commercial poultry, often leading to increased mortality.
  • Recent reports indicate heightened mortality and respiratory signs in Iranian broiler farms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of avian mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae) and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in Iranian broiler farms experiencing multi-causal respiratory disease (MCRD).

Main Methods:

  • Trachea and lung tissues from 70 broiler flocks with respiratory issues were analyzed.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), Mycoplasma synoviae (MS), and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) using specific gene targets.
  • Phylogenetic analysis was performed on detected isolates to understand their genetic relationships.

Main Results:

  • MG, MS, and ORT were identified in 5, 3, and 5 out of 70 flocks, respectively.
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct clustering of Iranian MG strains and unique groupings for MS and ORT isolates, with some MS strains showing international genetic links.

Conclusions:

  • MG, MS, and ORT are present but not the sole or predominant agents responsible for MCRD in these broiler farms.
  • Continuous monitoring of poultry populations is crucial for tracking pathogen strains and developing targeted control strategies against respiratory diseases.
Keywords:
Mycoplasma gallisepticumMycoplasma synoviaeOrnithobacterium rhinotrachealebacterial respiratory pathogensmultiple infectionspoultry

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