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Neighborhood Social Environment and Self-Perceptions of Aging.

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  • 1School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, USA.

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Neighborhoods impact how older adults view aging. Socially cohesive neighborhoods promote positive self-perceptions of aging (SPA), especially for middle-aged individuals. This highlights the importance of community for healthy aging.

Keywords:
Attitudes toward own agingEcological modelNeighborhood social cohesion

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Self-perceptions of aging (SPA) influence health and well-being in later life.
  • Individual predictors of SPA are known, but neighborhood social context's role is understudied.
  • Neighborhood environments may foster health and social activity, shaping aging perceptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between neighborhood social environment and SPA.
  • To investigate how age moderates the association between neighborhood context and SPA.
  • To apply ecological theories of human development and aging.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 11,145 adults aged 50+ from the Health and Retirement Study (2014, 2016).
  • Inclusion of neighborhood characteristics: poverty, percentage of older adults, social cohesion, and disorder.
  • Multilevel linear regression models to assess associations and interactions.

Main Results:

  • Higher neighborhood disorder and a greater percentage of older adults correlated with more negative SPA.
  • Greater perceived neighborhood social cohesion was linked to more positive SPA.
  • Neighborhood social cohesion remained significant after controlling for individual factors; its effect was stronger in middle age.

Conclusions:

  • Neighborhood social context is significantly associated with SPA.
  • Socially cohesive neighborhoods may promote more favorable perceptions of aging.
  • The impact of neighborhood cohesion on SPA is particularly pronounced in middle age.