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High Carbohydrate vs High Fat Diets: Which is Preferable for Long-term Use?
Alan M Preston1, Cindy A Rodriguez2, Marianna M Preston1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research
|May 22, 2023
Summary
Commercial diets for weight reduction and chronic disease risk reduction were analyzed. Diet 1 (high carb, low fat) showed better nutrient adequacy than Diet 2 (low carb, high fat), suggesting long-term viability with supplementation.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Dietary Analysis
- Public Health Nutrition
Background:
- Commercial diets are formulated for weight reduction and chronic disease risk mitigation.
- Assessing the nutritional completeness and long-term suitability of these diets is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the essential nutrient profiles of two commercial diets.
- To determine their suitability for long-term consumption.
Main Methods:
- Two commercial diets (high carbohydrate, low fat; low carbohydrate, high fat) were analyzed using representative meal recipes.
- Extensive nutrient analysis was performed using Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) software.
Main Results:
- Diet 1 met 81% of nutrient requirements, with deficiencies in vitamin B12, vitamin D, and essential fatty acids, and excess fiber and glycemic load.
- Diet 2 met 71% of nutrient requirements, with excess fat (especially saturated), sodium, and cholesterol, and suboptimal intake of B-complex vitamins and fiber.
Conclusions:
- Neither diet fully met all nutrient requirements.
- Diet 1, with supplementation, is potentially sustainable long-term, while Diet 2 is not recommended for long-term adaptation based on nutrient content alone.
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