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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

13
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
13
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

12
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
12
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

17
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
17
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

17
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
17
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

21
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
21
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

19
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
19

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
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Partial Pericardial Agenesis.

Akila Bersali1, Faisal Nabi2

  • 1Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, US.

Methodist Debakey Cardiovascular Journal
|May 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital absence of the pericardium is a rare condition, usually asymptomatic. This case highlights its potential to cause significant cardiac changes, mimicking other heart conditions.

Keywords:
cardiac MRIcongenital absence of pericardium

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Anomalies

Background:

  • Congenital absence of the pericardium is a rare anomaly, more common on the left side (86%) and in males (3:1 ratio).
  • The condition is typically asymptomatic in most individuals.

Observation:

  • A 55-year-old female with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure due to restrictive lung disease was evaluated.
  • Referral was for shunt evaluation due to observed right ventricular pressure overload and paradoxical septal motion.

Findings:

  • Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) was utilized for shunt evaluation.
  • The patient presented with signs suggestive of cardiac compromise.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering congenital absence of the pericardium in the differential diagnosis of unexplained cardiac abnormalities.
  • Rare congenital conditions can present with significant cardiovascular manifestations, necessitating advanced imaging techniques like CMR for accurate diagnosis.