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Multifunctional Lipophobic Polymer Dots from Cyclodextrin: Antimicrobial/Anticancer Laborers and Silver Ions

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This study developed polymer dots (PDs) using β-cyclodextrin for antimicrobial and anticancer applications. These PDs also function as sensitive fluorescent sensors for detecting silver ions in water.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • β-Cyclodextrin (CD) is utilized for encapsulating lipophobic polymer dots (PDs).
  • Polymer dots (PDs) show potential in antimicrobial, anticancer, and chemo-sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize polymer dots (PDs) using β-cyclodextrin.
  • To investigate the photoluminescent properties of PDs under varying pH conditions.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of PDs as chemo-sensors for metal ion detection and their potential in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of photoluminescent PDs under basic conditions and non-photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles under acidic conditions.
  • Characterization of PDs size and fluorescence intensity.
  • Detection of Ag+ ions using PDs as fluorescent probes.
  • Assessment of PDs' cytotoxicity against microbial strains (E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7).

Main Results:

  • Photoluminescent PDs (5.1 nm) were formed under basic conditions, while smaller non-photoluminescent nanoparticles (2.9 nm) were obtained under acidic conditions.
  • PDs exhibited pH-dependent fluorescence intensity, significantly higher under basic conditions.
  • PDs effectively detected Ag+ ions through fluorescence quenching, indicating AgNP formation.
  • PDs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against microbial and MCF-7 cancer cells, with acidic-prepared PDs showing higher efficacy (IC50 88.6 μg/mL) compared to basic-prepared PDs (IC50 232.5 μg/mL).

Conclusions:

  • Polymer dots synthesized using β-cyclodextrin exhibit tunable properties based on preparation conditions (acidic vs. basic).
  • These PDs are effective fluorescent sensors for Ag+ ions and possess significant anticancer properties.
  • The study highlights the potential of tailored PDs for targeted drug delivery and diagnostics.