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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

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Published on: December 2, 2017

P-MIRU, a Polarized Multispectral Imaging System, Reveals Reflection Information on the Biological Surface.

Alfonso Balandra, Yuki Doll¹, Shogo Hirose²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan.

Plant & Cell Physiology

|May 22, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed P-MIRU, a novel imaging system to analyze biological surface reflection. This system captures multispectral and polarization data beyond human vision, revealing hidden details in the

Keywords:

Light polarization Multispectral imaging Open source Plant reflection Structural color

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Published on: May 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Biophysics
Imaging Technology

Background:

Reflection light from biological surfaces contains extensive information about pigments, tissue structure, and microstructures.
Human visual perception is limited, missing crucial data in reflection light, such as non-visible wavelengths and light polarization.
Existing systems for analyzing biological surface reflection are often specialized, not versatile, rapid, or affordable.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a versatile, rapid, convenient, and affordable system for analyzing broad aspects of reflection from biological surfaces.
To overcome the limitations of human vision in exploiting the complete information within reflection light (the 'reflectome').
To provide biologists with a user-friendly tool for advanced surface analysis.

Main Methods:

Development of P-MIRU, a novel multispectral and polarization imaging system.
The system's hardware and software are open-source and customizable for diverse biological research.
Designed as a user-friendly interface for biologists without specialized programming or engineering expertise.

Main Results:

P-MIRU successfully visualized multispectral reflection across visible and non-visible wavelengths.
The system simultaneously detected various surface phenotypes related to spectral polarization.
Demonstrated the system's capability to extend visual perception and unveil new information from biological surfaces.

Conclusions:

P-MIRU is a novel, open-source, and user-friendly imaging system for analyzing biological surface reflection.
The system enhances visual capabilities by capturing multispectral and polarization data.
P-MIRU offers a versatile solution for uncovering detailed information on biological surfaces, advancing research in various biological fields.