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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

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Coronal alignment in total knee arthroplasty: a review.

F Matassi1, F Pettinari2, F Frasconà1

  • 1Orthopedic Clinic, AOU Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
|May 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) coronal alignment is crucial for better patient outcomes. This review defines TKA coronal alignment principles and terms, highlighting the lack of consensus on optimal techniques.

Keywords:
Coronal alignmentKnee alignmentPersonalized alignmentRobotic surgeryTKATotal knee arthroplasty

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Arthroplasty Research
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) alignment is a significant factor in surgical success.
  • Coronal plane alignment in TKA is increasingly recognized for its impact on clinical results.
  • Current alignment techniques lack a universally accepted optimal method.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and define various coronal alignment techniques in TKA.
  • To clarify the fundamental principles and terminology associated with TKA coronal alignment.
  • To address the ongoing debate and lack of consensus regarding optimal TKA alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on TKA coronal alignment.
  • Analysis of different alignment strategies and their underlying principles.
  • Synthesis of definitions for key terms in TKA coronal alignment.

Main Results:

  • Multiple TKA coronal alignment techniques exist, each with distinct approaches.
  • Coronal alignment is a critical component influencing TKA functional outcomes.
  • A definitive consensus on the optimal TKA coronal alignment strategy is currently absent.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding TKA coronal alignment principles is essential for orthopedic surgeons.
  • Further research is needed to establish evidence-based guidelines for optimal TKA coronal alignment.
  • Standardized terminology and clear definitions are vital for advancing TKA alignment research.