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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
05:46

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity

Published on: September 20, 2024

481

Refractive surgery and dry eye.

Leonardo Mastropasqua1, Piero Barboni2,3, Giacomo Savini3

  • 1Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

European Journal of Ophthalmology
|May 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Managing dry eye disease (DED) before and after refractive surgery is crucial. Recommendations include preservative-free lubricants for aqueous deficiency and anti-inflammatory agents for ocular surface damage.

Keywords:
Diseases of the ocular surface < cornea / external diseasecomplications of refractive surgery < refractive surgerycorneal procedures for astigmatism < refractive surgerycorneal procedures for myopia < refractive surgerydiseases of the ocular surface: lid inflammation affecting the ocular surface < cornea / external disease

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Surgery
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Refractive surgery is a common elective procedure worldwide.
  • Dry eye disease (DED) incidence post-refractive surgery varies.
  • Pre-existing DED is a risk factor for post-surgical symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline recommendations for ocular surface and DED management.
  • To provide guidance for pre- and post-refractive surgery care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence and clinical experience.
  • Description of therapeutic strategies for DED subtypes.

Main Results:

  • For aqueous deficiency DED: prefer preservative-free lubricating drops, ointments, and gels.
  • For ocular surface damage: use topical anti-inflammatory agents (Cyclosporine 0.1%, hydrocortisone phosphate, fluorometholone) for 3-6 months.
  • For evaporative DED: lifestyle changes, lid hygiene, lipid-containing drops, and anti-inflammatory antibiotics are recommended. Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction is also noted.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of DED pre- and post-refractive surgery is essential.
  • Tailored therapeutic approaches are necessary for different DED types.
  • Integrating these strategies can improve patient outcomes after refractive surgery.