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Brief Report: Trends in HIV Mortality in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Wendy Patterson1, Mark Rosenthal, Deepa T Rajulu

  • 1New York State Department of Health, AIDS Institute, Division of HIV/STI Epidemiology, Evaluation, and Partner Services, Albany, NY.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|May 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Deaths among people with diagnosed HIV (PWDH) increased in 2020 due to COVID-19. However, HIV-related deaths continued to decline, showing progress in the Ending the Epidemic initiative.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted mortality rates across all populations, including people with diagnosed HIV (PWDH).
  • Understanding shifts in causes of death (COD) among PWDH during the pandemic is crucial for public health strategies.
  • Assessing the ongoing trend of decreasing HIV-related deaths is vital for the Ending the Epidemic initiative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the leading causes of death (COD) among PWDH in New York State (NYS) before, during, and after the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To identify changes in the primary COD for PWDH.
  • To evaluate if the declining trend in HIV-related deaths persisted throughout the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the NYS HIV registry and Vital Statistics Death Data.
  • Examined mortality records for PWDH who died between 2015 and 2021.
  • Analyzed causes of death, distinguishing between underlying and contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • A 32% increase in deaths among PWDH was observed from 2019 to 2020, with COVID-19 as a leading COD in 2020.
  • In 2021, COVID-19 deaths decreased, while HIV and circulatory diseases remained top COD.
  • The percentage of HIV-related deaths among PWDH consistently decreased from 45% in 2015 to 32% in 2021.

Conclusions:

  • Despite a significant rise in PWDH deaths in 2020, largely attributed to COVID-19, the proportion of HIV-related deaths continued its downward trend.
  • This sustained decrease in HIV-related mortality indicates progress towards the goals of the Ending the Epidemic initiative in NYS, even amidst the pandemic.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay of infectious diseases and other health conditions affecting PWDH mortality during a global health crisis.
Abstract

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