Monkeypox vaccination in the global south: Fighting a war without a weapon

Area of Science:

• Global Health
• Epidemiology
• Vaccinology

Background:

• The Mpox outbreak highlighted the need for robust epidemiological surveillance and vaccination strategies.
• Significant challenges hinder Mpox vaccine coverage in the global south, particularly in Africa.
• This review examines the current state of Mpox vaccination in the global south and proposes solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the situation of Mpox vaccination in the global south.
• To identify challenges impeding vaccine coverage in low- and middle-income countries.
• To explore potential strategies for improving vaccine equity.

Main Methods:

• A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar.
• Searched for studies on Mpox vaccination in 'global south' countries (August-September 2022).
• Focused on vaccine distribution inequity, coverage challenges, and equity strategies; collated and discussed findings.

Main Results:

• High-income countries secured substantial Mpox vaccine supplies, while low- and middle-income countries relied on donations.
• Challenges in the global south include inadequate vaccine production capacity, limited cold chain infrastructure, and vaccine hesitancy.
• Lack of qualified personnel and specialized manufacturing infrastructure impede local vaccine development.

Conclusions:

• Addressing Mpox vaccine inequity requires substantial investment in local production and dissemination within low- and middle-income countries.
• African governments and international bodies must prioritize strengthening vaccine manufacturing capabilities.
• Ensuring equitable access to Mpox vaccines is vital for global public health security.