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Rootstock-scion interaction affects Malus transcriptome profiles in response to cadmium.

Yijin Huang¹, Luyang Sun¹, Jiale Wang¹

¹College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China.

Scientific Data

|May 23, 2023

Summary

This study reveals how rootstock and scion influence cadmium (Cd) accumulation and tolerance in apple trees. Understanding these interactions offers insights into managing heavy metal contamination in orchards.

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Area of Science:

Plant Science
Environmental Science
Molecular Biology

Background:

Cadmium (Cd) contamination poses a significant threat to apple production worldwide.
The accumulation and tolerance of Cd in grafted apple plants are complex, influenced by rootstock, scion, and their genetic interactions.
Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd bioaccumulation and tolerance in different apple graft combinations is crucial for agricultural sustainability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of cadmium bioaccumulation and tolerance in different apple rootstock-scion combinations.
To analyze the transcriptional responses in roots and leaves of grafted apple plants under cadmium stress.
To provide insights into the role of rootstock-scion interactions in regulating cadmium uptake and tolerance.

Main Methods:

Grafting of Malus domestica scions (Hanfu, Fuji) onto two distinct rootstocks (M. baccata, M. micromalus 'qingzhoulinqin').
Exposure of grafted plants to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) at a concentration of 50 μM.
RNA sequencing of root and leaf tissues from control and Cd-treated plants.

Main Results:

A comprehensive transcriptional dataset was generated, detailing gene expression in roots and leaves across different graft combinations under cadmium stress.
Significant differences in transcriptional profiles were observed, highlighting the impact of rootstock, scion, and their interaction on cadmium response.
The study identified key genes and pathways involved in cadmium absorption, translocation, and tolerance within the grafted apple system.

Conclusions:

Rootstock and scion play critical roles in modulating cadmium bioaccumulation and tolerance in apple trees.
The interaction between rootstock and scion significantly influences the plant's transcriptional response to cadmium stress.
This research provides a foundation for developing strategies to mitigate cadmium contamination in apple orchards through informed rootstock and scion selection.