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Updated: Jul 29, 2025
In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency
Published on: May 11, 2020
Evaluation of immunogenicity of gene-deleted and subunit vaccines constructed against the emerging pseudorabies virus
Hong-Liang Zhang1,2, Rui-Hua Zhang1, Gang Liu2
1Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, P.R. China.
Background:
Pseudorabies (PR) (also called Aujeszky's disease, AD) is a serious infectious disease affecting pigs and other animals worldwide. The emergence of variant strains of pseudorabies virus (PRV) since 2011 has led to PR outbreaks in China and a vaccine that antigenically more closely matches these PRV variants could represent an added value to control these infections.
Methods:
The objective of this study was to develop new live attenuated and subunit vaccines against PRV variant strains. Genomic alterations of vaccine strains were based on the highly virulent SD-2017 mutant strain and gene-deleted strains SD-2017ΔgE/gI and SD-2017ΔgE/gI/TK, which constructed using homologous recombination technology. PRV gB-DCpep (Dendritic cells targeting peptide) and PorB (the outer membrane pore proteins of N. meningitidis) proteins containing gp67 protein secretion signal peptide were expressed using the baculovirus system for the preparation of subunit vaccines. We used experimental animal rabbits to test immunogenicity to evaluate the effect of the newly constructed PR vaccines.
Results:
Compared with the PRV-gB subunit vaccine and SD-2017ΔgE/gI inactivated vaccines, rabbits (n = 10) that were intramuscularly vaccinated with SD-2017ΔgE/gI/TK live attenuated vaccine and PRV-gB + PorB subunit vaccine showed significantly higher anti-PRV-specific antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ levels in serum. In addition, the SD-2017ΔgE/gI/TK live attenuated vaccine and PRV-gB + PorB subunit vaccine protected (90-100%) rabbits against homologous infection by the PRV variant strain. No obvious pathological damage was observed in these vaccinated rabbits.
Conclusions:
The SD-2017ΔgE/gI/TK live attenuated vaccine provided 100% protection against PRV variant challenge. Interestingly, the subunit vaccines with gB protein linked to DCpep and PorB protein as adjuvant may also be a promising and effective PRV variant vaccine candidate.
