Recent progress in metal-organic framework-based sonosensitizers for sonodynamic tumor therapy

Area of Science:

• Biomedicine
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers a low-toxicity, non-invasive method for treating deep tumors.
• SDT relies on sonosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound irradiation, leading to tumor cell death.
• Developing effective and safe sonosensitizers is crucial for advancing SDT.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest advancements in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as sonosensitizers for SDT.
• To explore strategies for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of MOF-based sonosensitizers.
• To discuss the potential of MOFs as multifunctional platforms for combination therapies and address clinical challenges.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research on MOF-based sonosensitizers.
• Analysis of MOF properties contributing to ROS generation and therapeutic enhancement.
• Examination of MOF applications in combination therapies and clinical translation hurdles.

Main Results:

• MOFs are effective hybrid sonosensitizers due to their linker-to-metal charge transfer and porous structures, enhancing ROS generation.
• MOF-based sonosensitizers can be modified for combination therapies, leveraging their large surface area and porosity for synergistic effects.
• The review highlights strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes and discusses clinical challenges associated with MOF-based SDT.

Conclusions:

• MOF-based sonosensitizers represent a significant advancement in SDT, offering improved ROS generation and versatility for combination therapies.
• Further research and development are needed to overcome clinical challenges and fully realize the potential of MOFs in cancer treatment.
• MOFs hold promise for developing next-generation, highly effective sonodynamic therapeutic agents.