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Postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) in children: A review and observational study

Michal Frelich1,2, Vojtech Vodicka1, Ondrej Jor1,2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Ostrava, Czech Republic.

Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
|May 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) affects 14.6% of pediatric patients. Effective prevention strategies for PDNV involve multimodal prophylaxis and longer-acting antiemetic medications.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) is a common cause of pediatric morbidity.
  • Limited research exists on PDNV prevention and treatment in children.
  • Understanding PDNV incidence and risk factors is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on PDNV in pediatric patients.
  • To determine the incidence of PDNV in a pediatric cohort.
  • To inform strategies for PDNV prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • A prospective observational study was designed.
  • PDNV incidence was assessed in 205 pediatric patients.

Main Results:

  • The overall incidence of PDNV was 14.6% (30/205 children).
  • Nausea occurred in 21 children, and vomiting in 9 children.
  • Effective PDNV management requires considering drug pharmacokinetics and multimodal prophylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • A multimodal approach using longer-acting antiemetics like palonosetron or aprepitant is recommended for PDNV prevention.
  • Further research into pediatric PDNV is warranted.
  • Optimizing antiemetic strategies can reduce postoperative complications in children.

Keywords:
antiemeticspostdischarge nauseapostdischarge vomitingpostoperative nauseapostoperative vomitingsetrons

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