Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

591
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
591
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

4.1K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
4.1K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

5.6K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.6K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.5K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.5K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

154
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
154
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.1K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Autistic traits and proneness to shame and guilt: The mediating role of functional connectivity of cortical midline structures.

Personality neuroscience·2026
Same author

Human frontopolar cortex plays a causal role in decomposing high-dimensional information during decision making.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Distinct contributions of prefrontal, parietal, and cingulate signals to exploratory decisions.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Active disambiguation guides inferring controllability and cause in social interactions.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Complex functions of human lateral frontopolar cortex.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Validation of an automated digital neuropsychological assessment system (DNAS).

Asian journal of psychiatry·2025
Same journal

Defining and characterizing the relevant state variables of the mammalian gut ecosystem.

Cell reports·2026
Same journal

Distinct compositional changes but shared quantitative microbiome and anti-inflammatory modulations by diet.

Cell reports·2026
Same journal

HPD is a copper-binding protein that interacts with DLAT to promote colorectal cancer cuproptosis under copper stress.

Cell reports·2026
Same journal

Rotational trophoblast organoids reveal biomechanical regulation of trophoblast differentiation.

Cell reports·2026
Same journal

Dysregulated calcium signaling underlies hyposalivation and microbial dysbiosis in Down syndrome.

Cell reports·2026
Same journal

Collagen 1-mediated CXCL1 secretion in tumor cells activates fibroblasts to promote radioresistance of esophageal cancer.

Cell reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

31.2K

Frontopolar cortex represents complex features and decision value during choice between environments.

Chun-Kit Law1, Nils Kolling2, Chetwyn C H Chan3

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.

Cell Reports
|May 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain

Keywords:
CNNCP: Neuroscienceconvolutional neural networkdecision makingenvironment choicefrontopolar cortexventromedial prefrontal cortex

More Related Videos

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.4K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

31.2K
Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.4K
Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods
13:04

Measuring the Subjective Value of Risky and Ambiguous Options using Experimental Economics and Functional MRI Methods

Published on: September 19, 2012

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Decision-making research traditionally focuses on item choice, neglecting environment choice.
  • Choosing between complex environments is crucial for adaptive behavior but poses computational challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the neural basis of environment choice.
  • Contrast brain regions involved in item choice versus environment choice.
  • Elucidate the computational mechanism of environment representation in the brain.

Main Methods:

  • Compared brain activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (item choice) and lateral frontopolar cortex (FPl) (environment choice).
  • Utilized a choice-optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) to model FPl activity.
  • Examined functional connectivity between FPl and posterior cingulate cortex.

Main Results:

  • Lateral frontopolar cortex (FPl) is identified as a key region for environment choice.
  • FPl activity decomposes complex environmental features, representing environmental complexity.
  • FPl demonstrates parallel processing for extracting multiple environmental features.
  • FPl functionally connects with posterior cingulate cortex to guide environment selection.

Conclusions:

  • Lateral frontopolar cortex (FPl) plays a critical role in complex environment choice.
  • FPl employs a mechanism of feature decomposition and parallel processing for environment representation.
  • Neural mechanisms for environment choice involve interactions between FPl and posterior cingulate cortex.