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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis: Bidirectional Association in Population-based 15-year Retrospective
Wu-Chien Chien1,2, Earl Fu3,4, Chi-Hsiang Chung1,2
1Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan, ROC.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|May 24, 2023
Summary
This study found a significant bidirectional link between severe periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mild periodontitis, however, did not show a similar association with T2DM.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health
- Endocrinology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- A proposed bidirectional relationship exists between periodontitis and diabetes.
- Epidemiological evidence for this bidirectional link is limited and inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bidirectional association between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
- To estimate the risk of developing T2DM in periodontitis patients and vice versa.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (2000-2015).
- Included 11,011 severe periodontitis, 11,011 mild periodontitis, and control groups.
- Enrolled 157,798 T2DM patients and controls to assess periodontitis development.
- Employed Cox proportional hazards models for analysis.
Main Results:
- Periodontitis patients exhibited a statistically significant higher risk for T2DM (HR 1.94 for severe, 1.72 for mild).
- Severe periodontitis patients had a greater risk of T2DM compared to mild cases.
- T2DM patients showed a significantly increased risk of developing periodontitis (HR 1.99), especially severe periodontitis (HR 2.08).
Conclusions:
- A bidirectional association was confirmed between T2DM and severe periodontitis.
- No significant bidirectional link was observed between T2DM and mild periodontitis.
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