Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

151
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
151
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

391
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
391
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data01:12

Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

309
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
309
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

436
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
436
Parametric Survival Analysis: Weibull and Exponential Methods01:14

Parametric Survival Analysis: Weibull and Exponential Methods

493
Parametric survival analysis models survival data by assuming a specific probability distribution for the time until an event occurs. The Weibull and exponential distributions are two of the most commonly used methods in this context, due to their versatility and relatively straightforward application.
Weibull Distribution
The Weibull distribution is a flexible model used in parametric survival analysis. It can handle both increasing and decreasing hazard rates, depending on its shape parameter...
493
Bootstrapping01:24

Bootstrapping

643
The term "bootstrap" originated in the 19th century as a metaphor for self-improvement or achieving something independently, without external assistance. This concept extends to statistical bootstrapping, a self-contained method for estimating population parameters through resampling, even though it can be computationally intensive. Developed by the American statistician Dr. Bradley Efron in 1979, bootstrapping provides a robust way to perform inference when the original sample size is...
643

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antiviral activity of SA-2 against influenza A virus in vitro/vivo and its inhibition of RNA polymerase.

Antiviral research·2016
Same author

Occurrence, distribution and source apportionment of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in sediments and soils from the Liaohe River Basin, China.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2016
Same author

High level of microsynteny and purifying selection affect the evolution of WRKY family in Gramineae.

Development genes and evolution·2016
Same author

Mutational Analysis of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Protein Kinase Together with Kinome-Wide Binding and Stability Studies Suggests Context-Dependent Recognition of Kinases by the Chaperone Heat Shock Protein 90.

Molecular and cellular biology·2016
Same author

Incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer has decreased during past 40 years in Hebei Province, China.

Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu·2016
Same author

Bulk pancreatic cancer cells can convert into cancer stem cells(CSCs) in vitro and 2 compounds can target these CSCs.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.5K

Bayesian borrowing from historical control data in a vaccine efficacy trial.

Lin Peng1, Jing Jin2, Laurent Chambonneau3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Pharmaceutical Statistics
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method for incorporating historical data in vaccine trials, especially for diseases with low incidence and seasonal variations. The approach enhances sample size reduction and estimation precision by carefully borrowing information from past studies.

Keywords:
Bayesian approachhistorical data borrowingpower priorvaccine efficacy trial

More Related Videos

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

10.7K
Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment
08:36

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

619

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
06:55

Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index

Published on: January 8, 2020

14.5K
A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

10.7K
Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment
08:36

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

619

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trial Design
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Vaccine efficacy trials often require large sample sizes due to low incidence rates.
  • Incorporating historical data can reduce sample size and improve precision.
  • Seasonal variations in disease incidence complicate the use of historical data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust method for borrowing historical data in vaccine trials with seasonal incidence.
  • To address challenges of between-trial heterogeneity in infectious disease transmission.
  • To enable effective use of single or multiple historical trials while controlling information borrowing.

Main Methods:

  • Extension of a probability-based power prior method.
  • The method determines information borrowing based on data agreement between historical and current trials.
  • Simulations compare the proposed method against modified power prior (MPP), meta-analytic-predictive (MAP) prior, and commensurate prior methods.

Main Results:

  • The proposed probability-based power prior method demonstrates effective data borrowing.
  • It allows for acceptable tolerance to heterogeneity arising from seasonal disease transmission.
  • The method is applicable to single or multiple historical trials with constrained information borrowing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers a flexible and statistically sound approach for leveraging historical data in vaccine efficacy trials.
  • It effectively manages challenges posed by seasonal incidence and between-trial heterogeneity.
  • The approach facilitates optimized trial design, particularly in settings with low disease incidence.