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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Phenomics and Robust Multiomics Data for Cardiovascular Disease Subtyping.

Enrico Maiorino1, Joseph Loscalzo1,2

  • 1Channing Division of Network Medicine (E.M., J.L.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|May 25, 2023
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Summary

Computational methods are advancing cardiovascular disease research by identifying patient subgroups using multiomics and clinical data. This approach aids in developing targeted treatments for conditions like heart failure and coronary artery disease.

Keywords:
algorithmscoronary artery diseaseheart failuremultiomicsprecision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Computational biology
  • Precision medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present complex, heterogeneous phenotypes, challenging treatment development.
  • Diverse molecular mechanisms underlie CVDs, necessitating advanced analytical approaches.
  • Precision medicine requires identifying distinct patient subgroups for tailored therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review computational approaches for subtyping cardiovascular diseases.
  • To outline essential components for selecting, integrating, and clustering omics and clinical data.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in CVD subtyping for clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of computational strategies for data selection, integration, and clustering.
  • Analysis of feature selection, extraction, and algorithm application in CVD research.
  • Examination of subtyping pipelines applied to heart failure and coronary artery disease.

Main Results:

  • Computational subtyping utilizes phenotypic and multiomics data to identify distinct CVD patient subgroups.
  • Key challenges exist in feature selection, data integration, and clustering algorithm implementation.
  • Successful subtyping pipelines have been developed for heart failure and coronary artery disease.

Conclusions:

  • Robust computational subtyping is crucial for advancing precision medicine in cardiovascular care.
  • Integration of omics and clinical data enables identification of unique disease pathogeneses.
  • Future work should focus on translating subtyping approaches into clinical workflows for improved patient outcomes.