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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Measuring Bone Remodeling and Recreating the Tumor-Bone Microenvironment Using Calvaria Co-culture and Histomorphometry
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Measuring Bone Remodeling and Recreating the Tumor-Bone Microenvironment Using Calvaria Co-culture and Histomorphometry

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The dynamic microenvironment associated with metastatic bone disease: Current concepts.

Rahul Bhale1, Paramita Ghosh1, Raminta Theriault1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA.

Journal of Surgical Oncology
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Understanding bone microenvironment, cancer biology, and bone physiology is key for treating bone metastases. This review outlines bone remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation in metastatic bone disease.

Keywords:
metastatic bone diseasepathophysiologytumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Bone Biology
  • Cancer Metastasis

Background:

  • Bone metastases cause significant patient morbidity, including pain, fractures, and mortality.
  • The bone microenvironment plays a critical role in supporting cancer growth and progression.
  • Understanding the interplay between bone physiology and cancer is essential for developing novel therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current concepts in bone remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation related to metastatic bone disease.
  • To highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer growth in the bone microenvironment.
  • To provide a foundation for identifying targeted treatment strategies for bone metastases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on bone metastases.
  • Synthesis of information on bone remodeling processes.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways in cancer metastasis to bone.

Main Results:

  • Bone remodeling is a complex process that can be disrupted by cancer cells, promoting tumor growth.
  • Angiogenesis within the bone microenvironment is crucial for supplying nutrients to metastatic tumors.
  • Immunomodulation by the bone microenvironment can create an environment conducive to cancer survival and proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting bone remodeling, angiogenesis, and immune responses presents promising therapeutic avenues for metastatic bone disease.
  • A comprehensive understanding of the bone microenvironment is crucial for advancing treatment options.
  • Further research into the molecular mechanisms of bone metastasis can lead to more effective interventions.