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MVPA and Motor Proficiency between Children with ADHD and Typical Development: Associations with Sleep Quality

Xiao Liang, Hui Qiu1, Chia-Liang Tsai2

  • 1Department of Educational Administration and Policy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|May 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with ADHD show lower physical activity, motor skills, and sleep quality compared to typically developing peers. Promoting these areas is crucial for development in all children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder impacting children's behavior and development.
  • Motor proficiency, physical activity, and sleep are critical for overall child well-being.
  • Understanding the interplay of these factors in ADHD is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between motor proficiency, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sleep quality.
  • To compare these associations in children with ADHD versus typically developing (TD) children.
  • To identify potential predictors of motor skill development in children.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 88 children with ADHD and 40 age-matched TD children (ages 6-12).
  • MVPA measured using accelerometers over 7 days.
  • Motor proficiency assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition.
  • Sleep quality evaluated via self-report questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD exhibited significantly lower daily MVPA, poorer locomotor and ball skills, and reduced sleep quality (longer latency, shorter duration, lower efficiency) compared to TD children.
  • MVPA guideline adherence and sleep duration were significant predictors of locomotor skills.
  • Locomotor skills, in turn, predicted MVPA guideline adherence.
  • Both MVPA and ball skills demonstrated an age-related increase in children with ADHD.

Conclusions:

  • Promoting MVPA, enhancing motor proficiency, and ensuring adequate sleep duration are vital for both children with ADHD and TD children.
  • Early intervention focusing on physical activity and sleep may support motor skill development in children with ADHD.
  • These findings underscore the interconnectedness of physical, cognitive, and sleep health in childhood development.
Abstract

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