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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

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Delayed Horner's Syndrome Post Thyroid Carcinoma Surgery.

Sangeetha Manoharan1, Mushawiahti Mustapha1, Shahrun Nizam Abdullah Suhaimi2

  • 1Ophthalmology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.

Cureus
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Post-thyroidectomy Horner

Keywords:
complicationdelayedhorner’s syndromepostoperativesympatheticthyroid carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Thyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure.
  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent type of thyroid cancer.
  • Modified radical neck dissection increases the risk of complications.

Observation:

  • A patient developed Horner's syndrome after thyroidectomy and neck dissection.
  • Symptoms included right eye ptosis and miosis.
  • A phenylephrine test indicated postganglionic neuron involvement.

Findings:

  • Post-thyroidectomy Horner's syndrome is a rare complication.
  • The condition is associated with radical neck dissection.
  • Symptoms can improve with conservative management.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and diagnosis of Horner's syndrome are important.
  • Patients should be counseled about potential facial disfigurement.
  • Conservative treatment can lead to symptom improvement over time.