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Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
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Lung diffusing capacity for nitric oxide in space: microgravity gas density interactions.

Lars L Karlsson1, Alain Van Muylem2, Dag Linnarsson1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Frontiers in Physiology
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung diffusing capacity (DLNO) testing in space is affected by reduced atmospheric pressure and microgravity. Results indicate that DLNO increases in microgravity, especially at lower pressures, impacting lung health assessments for space exploration.

Keywords:
NOdiffusivitygas densityhypobariamicrogravitynitric oxidespace

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Area of Science:

  • Space Medicine
  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Manned space exploration poses risks to lung health from toxic dust and radiation.
  • Lung diffusing capacity (DL) tests, like DLNO, are crucial for monitoring astronaut lung health.
  • Planetary habitats may have reduced atmospheric pressure, influencing gas exchange measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of altered gravity and reduced atmospheric pressure on DLNO measurements.
  • To understand how these environmental factors impact gas uptake in the lungs during space missions.

Main Methods:

  • DLNO was measured in 11 subjects on Earth and in microgravity aboard the International Space Station.
  • Experiments were conducted at two atmospheric pressures: normal (1.0 atm absolute) and reduced (0.7 atm absolute).

Main Results:

  • On Earth, DLNO did not significantly change between the two atmospheric pressures.
  • In microgravity, DLNO increased by 9.8% at 1.0 atm and 18.3% at 0.7 atm compared to normal gravity.
  • A significant interaction between atmospheric pressure and gravity was observed (p = 0.0135).

Conclusions:

  • Reduced pressure at microgravity increases DLNO, potentially due to increased membrane diffusing capacity (DmNO).
  • This increase may be partially offset by reduced gas phase diffusing capacity (DgNO), possibly indicating interstitial edema.
  • Standard DLNO values for planetary exploration should be established under simulated habitat conditions (gravity and pressure).