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Language and Cognition01:27

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Auditory Word Comprehension Is Less Incremental in Isolated Words.

Phoebe Gaston1,2, Christian Brodbeck3,2, Colin Phillips1

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

Neurobiology of Language (Cambridge, Mass.)
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Word recognition is less automatic for isolated words than assumed. Neural processing of phoneme surprisal is stronger than lexical uncertainty in single words, unlike in continuous speech.

Keywords:
auditory word recognitioncohort entropycontinuous speechlexical accesslexical processingmagnetoencephalographyphoneme surprisaltemporal response function

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Processing

Background:

  • Partial speech is typically thought to activate word representations rapidly and automatically.
  • Incremental processing from sound to meaning is a common assumption in word recognition models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether incremental word processing is limited for isolated words compared to continuous speech.
  • To examine the neural effects of phoneme surprisal and cohort entropy in isolated versus connected speech.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to record neural activity.
  • Analysis focused on neural effects of phoneme surprisal and cohort entropy during auditory word perception.

Main Results:

  • Isolated words showed stronger neural effects of phoneme surprisal than cohort entropy.
  • Continuous speech exhibited robust effects of both phoneme surprisal and cohort entropy, with a significant interaction.
  • This dissociation challenges models assuming uniform processing for these measures.

Conclusions:

  • Incremental word recognition is constrained in isolated word perception.
  • Phoneme surprisal effects may reflect automatic access of wordform representations.
  • Cohort entropy effects appear task-sensitive, possibly linked to later-stage competition or higher-level processing.