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In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
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Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
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Bloodstream Infection and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Queensland Australia, 2000-2019.

Kevin B Laupland1, Felicity Edwards2, Luis Furuya-Kanamori3

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.

The American Journal of Medicine
|May 25, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bloodstream infections significantly increase the risk of colorectal cancer diagnosis. Specific bacteria like Clostridium septicum and Bacteroides ovatus are strongly linked to this cancer.

Keywords:
Bloodstream infectionsColorectal cancerEpidemiology

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bloodstream infections (BSI) can complicate colorectal cancer (CRC) or indicate its presence.
  • Quantifying the risk and specific microbial causes of CRC-associated BSI is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the overall and etiology-specific risks of incident colorectal cancer-associated bloodstream infection.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based surveillance of community-onset BSI in adults (≥20 years) in Queensland, Australia (2000-2019).
  • Utilized statewide databases to identify incident CRC and collect clinical data.
  • Assembled a cohort of 84,754 patients, including 1030 with CRC-associated BSI.

Main Results:

  • BSI was associated with a 16-fold increased annualized risk of CRC diagnosis (IRR 16.1).
  • Patients with CRC-associated BSI were more likely to be older, male, have hospital-onset infections, and fewer comorbidities.
  • High-risk organisms included Clostridium species (especially C. septicum), Bacteroides species (especially B. ovatus), Gemella, Streptococcus bovis group (especially S. infantarius subsp. coli), Streptococcus anginosus group, and Enterococcus species.

Conclusions:

  • While Streptococcus bovis group is recognized, other bacteria present a higher risk for CRC-associated BSI.
  • Identifying specific microbial etiologies can improve diagnostic strategies for occult colorectal cancer.