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Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

189
Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
189
Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings

561
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
561
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

161
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
161
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

254
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
254
Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation01:24

Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation

4.1K
Pulmonary ventilation is a vital process that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. It refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs, enabling the body to obtain oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pulmonary ventilation, including its underlying principles, mechanisms, and the interplay of pressures within the respiratory system.
Boyle's law becomes particularly pertinent when examining respiratory...
4.1K
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

1.7K
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Normothermic Negative Pressure Ventilation Ex Situ Lung Perfusion: Evaluation of Lung Function and Metabolism
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Mechanical Ventilation: Negative to Positive and Back Again.

Laurent J Brochard1

  • 1Keenan Research Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Room 4-08, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada; Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Critical Care Clinics
|May 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modern mechanical ventilation began in the 20th century, with noninvasive techniques emerging in the late 1980s and 1990s. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the successful use of noninvasive ventilation for respiratory support.

Keywords:
Acute respiratory distress syndromeAcute respiratory failureHeart–lung interactionNegative-pressure ventilationPositive-pressure ventilationRespiratory physiologyVentilation-induced lung injury

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Area of Science:

  • Medical History
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy

Background:

  • Mechanical ventilation has evolved significantly over the past centuries.
  • Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) techniques emerged in the late 20th century for intensive care and home use.
  • The global rise of respiratory viruses has increased the demand for mechanical ventilation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of mechanical ventilation.
  • To highlight the development and application of noninvasive ventilation.
  • To underscore the role of NIV during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of critical care and ventilation practices.
  • Examination of the timeline for noninvasive ventilation development.
  • Analysis of recent pandemic data on ventilation use.

Main Results:

  • Modern mechanical ventilation originated in the 20th century.
  • Noninvasive ventilation gained prominence in the late 1980s and 1990s.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the efficacy of NIV in managing respiratory failure.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical ventilation has a relatively short but impactful history in medicine.
  • Noninvasive ventilation represents a crucial advancement in respiratory support.
  • The successful application of NIV during the COVID-19 pandemic underscores its importance in critical care.