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Herbicides Harm Key Orchard Predatory Mites.

Paul Bergeron1, Rebecca Schmidt-Jeffris2

  • 1Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.

Insects
|May 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glufosinate and paraquat herbicides cause high mortality in beneficial predatory mites critical for apple pest control. Adjuvants can also harm these natural enemies, impacting biological control efforts.

Keywords:
Amblydromella caudiglansGalendromus occidentalisadjuvantbiological controlherbicidesintegrated pest managementpesticide selectivityphytoseiid

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Entomology
  • Pest Management
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Phytoseiid mites are vital natural enemies for biological control of pest mites in apple orchards.
  • Limited research exists on the non-target effects of herbicides on these beneficial predatory mites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of common herbicides and adjuvants on two key phytoseiid mite species.
  • To assess the impact of herbicide-adjuvant mixtures on phytoseiid mite survival and reproduction.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory bioassays were conducted using seven herbicides and five adjuvants.
  • Two species, *Amblydromella caudiglans* and *Galendromus occidentalis*, were exposed to herbicide and adjuvant treatments.
  • Lethal (mortality) and sublethal (fecundity, egg hatch, larval survival) endpoints were measured.

Main Results:

  • Glufosinate caused 100% mortality in both mite species.
  • Paraquat resulted in 100% mortality in *A. caudiglans* and 56% in *G. occidentalis*.
  • Oxyfluorfen exhibited significant sublethal effects on both species; certain adjuvants negatively impacted *G. occidentalis*.

Conclusions:

  • Glufosinate and paraquat pose significant risks to beneficial predatory mites, impacting biological control in apple orchards.
  • Further field research is crucial to understand the real-world implications of these herbicides on natural enemy conservation.
  • Balancing consumer preferences for reduced glyphosate use with the need for natural enemy conservation is essential.