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Conversational Agents for Body Weight Management: Systematic Review.
Eunyoung Noh1, Jiyoon Won2, Sua Jo1
1Department of Medical Science of Meridian, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|May 26, 2023
Summary
Conversational agents show potential for weight management counseling. However, current evidence is limited, with low-quality studies and modest weight loss results, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Obesity is a significant global health concern requiring innovative interventions.
- Conversational agents (CAs), or chatbots, offer accessible and personalized lifestyle counseling for weight management.
- CAs simulate human conversation, providing patient-centered support for sustainable behavior change.
Approach:
- A systematic review evaluated clinical studies on CA effectiveness for weight management.
- Searched major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, PsycINFO, ACM) up to December 2022.
- Included studies utilized CAs with unconstrained natural language input for weight management, assessing study quality and summarizing findings narratively.
Key Points:
- Eight studies (3 RCTs, 5 before-and-after) met eligibility criteria.
- CAs focused on behavior change via education, dietary advice, or psychological counseling.
- Only 38% of studies reported significant weight loss (1.3-2.4 kg at 12-15 weeks); overall study quality was low.
Conclusions:
- CAs with natural language input are feasible for weight management, simulating health professional interactions.
- Current evidence is limited, highlighting a need for more rigorous research.
- Future randomized controlled trials should focus on CA acceptability, efficacy, and safety with larger samples and longer follow-up.
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