Novel Medicinal Chemistry Strategies Targeting CDK5 for Drug Discovery
Wentao Tang1, Congcong Lin2, Quanwei Yu1
1Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Abstract:
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) protein plays an important role not only in the central nervous system but also in the periphery, including immune response, regulation of insulin secretion, and cancer development and progression. Consequently, targeting the CDK5 protein is a potential strategy for the treatment of many diseases, especially cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, numerous pan-CDK inhibitors have entered clinical trials. Nevertheless, limited clinical efficacy and severe adverse effects have prompted the application of new techniques to optimize clinical efficacy and minimize adverse events. In this Perspective, we highlight the protein properties, biofunctions, relevant signaling pathways, and associations with cancer development and proliferation of CDK5, and analyze the clinical status of pan-CDK inhibitors and the preclinical status of CDK5-specific inhibitors. In addition, CDK5-selective inhibitors, protein-protein interaction inhibitors, proteolytic-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders, and dual-target CDK5 inhibitors are discussed.
Insights
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is crucial in the central nervous system and periphery, offering therapeutic potential for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. New strategies like selective inhibitors and PROTACs aim to improve efficacy and reduce side effects.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) protein is implicated in central nervous system functions, immune responses, insulin secretion, and cancer.
- Targeting CDK5 presents a therapeutic strategy for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Existing pan-CDK inhibitors show limited efficacy and significant adverse effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the properties, functions, and signaling pathways of CDK5.
- To analyze the role of CDK5 in cancer development and progression.
- To discuss the clinical and preclinical status of CDK5 inhibitors and novel therapeutic approaches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of existing research on CDK5.
- Examination of clinical trial data for pan-CDK inhibitors.
- Assessment of preclinical data for CDK5-specific inhibitors and emerging therapeutic modalities.
Main Results:
- CDK5 plays a multifaceted role in various physiological and pathological processes.
- Pan-CDK inhibitors have shown limited success due to off-target effects.
- Emerging CDK5-specific inhibitors, PROTACs, and dual-target agents show promise.
Conclusions:
- CDK5 is a significant therapeutic target for multiple diseases.
- Selective inhibition and novel drug delivery systems are crucial for improving treatment outcomes.
- Further research into CDK5-specific therapeutics is warranted.
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