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Prevalence of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Hemodialysis Patients and the Risk of Hypercoagulability: Should we

Haitham Ezzat1, Nahla Mohamed Teama1, Walid Ahmed Bichari1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|May 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection is prevalent in hemodialysis patients, with 12.8% testing positive. These patients face increased risks of hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications, necessitating stricter infection control.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents varied clinical symptoms.
  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) require specific infection control.
  • Humoral response data in ESRD HD patients with SARS-CoV-2 is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in ESRD HD patients.
  • To investigate clinical and laboratory differences between infected and non-infected HD patients.
  • To assess the risk of hypercoagulability in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Screened 179 asymptomatic ESRD HD patients for COVID-19.
  • Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection using real-time RT-PCR.
  • Analyzed demographic and laboratory data, including C-reactive protein, lymphocyte counts, platelet counts, TAT, and D-dimer levels.

Main Results:

  • 12.8% (23/179) of asymptomatic HD patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
  • Significant differences observed in C-reactive protein, lymphocytes, and platelet counts between positive and negative groups.
  • Elevated TAT and D-dimer levels were noted in the COVID-19 positive group, indicating hypercoagulability.

Conclusions:

  • Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is present in hemodialysis patients.
  • HD patients with COVID-19 are at risk for hypercoagulability and thromboembolic complications.
  • Enhanced infection control and proactive diagnosis are crucial for managing COVID-19 in HD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Asymptomatic infectionCOVID-19ESRDhemodialysishypercoagulability

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