Low-threshold, high-resolution, chronically stable intracortical microstimulation by ultraflexible electrodes
Roy Lycke1, Robin Kim1, Pavlo Zolotavin1
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Cell Reports
|May 26, 2023
Summary
Ultraflexible nanoelectronic threads (StimNETs) enable stable, high-resolution intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) with minimal tissue damage. These novel electrodes provide long-lasting, precise neural control for advanced neuroprosthetics and research.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) is crucial for neuroprosthetics and circuit manipulation.
- Current electrodes often cause tissue damage, limiting resolution, efficacy, and chronic stability.
- Developing biocompatible electrodes is essential for advanced neuromodulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer and evaluate ultraflexible stim-nanoelectronic threads (StimNETs) for chronic, high-resolution ICMS.
- To assess the biocompatibility, stability, and efficacy of StimNETs in vivo.
- To demonstrate low-threshold, stable neural activation and behavioral responses with minimal tissue response.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of ultraflexible stim-nanoelectronic threads (StimNETs).
- In vivo chronic ICMS in awake, behaving mouse models.
- Two-photon imaging for monitoring tissue integration and neuronal activation.
- Behavioral testing to assess functional outcomes.
- Histological analysis to quantify tissue response.
Main Results:
- StimNETs achieved chronically stable ICMS with low activation thresholds (2 μA).
- Seamless tissue integration and focal neuronal activation were observed over extended periods.
- Longitudinally stable behavioral responses were maintained for over 8 months.
- Histological analysis revealed no neuronal degeneration or glial scarring.
Conclusions:
- Tissue-integrated StimNETs offer a path for robust, long-lasting, and spatially selective neuromodulation.
- Low current stimulation with StimNETs minimizes risks of tissue damage and off-target effects.
- StimNETs represent a significant advancement for neuroprosthetics and neural circuit research.
