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Characterization of a 4παβ(LS)-γ(HPGe) prototype system for low-background measurements.

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  • 1Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne, 81800, Israel; Unit of Nuclear Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel.

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A new low-background measurement system using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and liquid scintillator (LS) significantly reduces background noise. Coincidence detection improves minimal detectable activity for alpha and beta emitters by a factor of nine.

Keywords:
Detection efficiencyGamma-ray spectrometryHPGeLSCLow-background counting

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Radiochemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Low-background measurements are crucial for detecting trace radioactivity.
  • Traditional methods face challenges with background suppression.
  • A novel system combining different detector types is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and test a prototype ground-level system for low-background measurements.
  • To enhance sensitivity for detecting alpha (α) and beta (β) emitting radionuclides.
  • To improve background rejection capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • A system combining a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector for gamma (γ) rays and a liquid scintillator (LS) for α and β particles was constructed.
  • Shielding and anti-cosmic detectors ('veto') were employed to minimize background.
  • Event-by-event data acquisition allowed for offline analysis, including coincidence timing between HPGe and LS detectors.

Main Results:

  • Coincidence operation (α-γ or β-γ) reduced background counts by approximately 100-fold compared to γ-singles mode.
  • Minimal detectable activity for 241Am and 60Co improved by a factor of 9.
  • A background reduction factor of ~2400 was achieved for 241Am using spectrometric cuts in the LS spectrum.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system effectively suppresses background events through coincidence detection.
  • This technology offers significant improvements in sensitivity for low-level radioactivity measurements.
  • The system is suitable for environmental radioactivity monitoring and trace-level radioactivity studies.