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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Reticular Dermis

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Dermoscopy Aids in the Diagnosis of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: May 16, 2025

Cutaneous Sarcoidosis.

Nnenna Ezeh¹, Avrom Caplan², Misha Rosenbach³

¹Harvard Combined Dermatology Residency, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics

|May 26, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting multiple organs, with varying prevalence and outcomes across ethnic groups. Research is needed on structural racism

Keywords:

Cutaneous sarcoidosis Lupus pernio Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis disparities Sarcoidosis in skin of color

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Published on: October 14, 2021

Area of Science:

Immunology
Dermatology
Public Health

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a chronic, multisystem inflammatory disease.
It is characterized by noncaseating granulomas leading to organ dysfunction.
Significant racial disparities exist in sarcoidosis prevalence, severity, and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the impact of structural racism on sarcoidosis.
To emphasize the importance of skin involvement in darkly pigmented individuals.
To advocate for comprehensive workup and management strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review on sarcoidosis epidemiology and disparities.
Analysis of clinical presentation, particularly skin manifestations.
Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Main Results:

Sarcoidosis incidence and prevalence differ significantly by ethnicity.
Skin is a common presenting and involved organ, especially in darker skin tones.
Existing therapies lack universal efficacy, necessitating further research.

Conclusions:

Addressing racial disparities and structural racism is crucial in sarcoidosis research and care.
Early and comprehensive diagnosis, considering skin manifestations, is vital.
Development of universally effective therapies is needed.