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Therapeutic Advances in the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Cancers

Jenny J Li1, Jane E Rogers2, Kohei Yamashita1,3

  • 1Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Biomolecules
|May 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Gastroesophageal cancers are aggressive and diverse. Treatment is evolving towards personalized, biomarker-driven therapies, including targeted treatments and immunotherapy, for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal cancers encompass heterogeneous malignancies (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma) with poor prognoses.
  • These cancers exhibit distinct molecular biology, influencing treatment targets and response.
  • Localized disease necessitates multimodality therapy and multidisciplinary decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment strategies for gastroesophageal cancers.
  • To discuss emerging advances in targeted therapies and personalized medicine for these malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current treatment approaches for gastroesophageal cancers.
  • Discussion of promising advances in targeted therapies.
  • Emphasis on biomarker-driven systemic therapies for advanced/metastatic disease.

Main Results:

  • Current FDA-approved treatments include HER2-targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
  • Novel therapeutic targets are under development, paving the way for personalized treatments.
  • Molecular profiling is crucial for future treatment decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Gastroesophageal cancers require tailored treatment strategies due to their heterogeneity.
  • Biomarker-driven and personalized therapies, including targeted agents, represent the future of gastroesophageal cancer treatment.
Keywords:
esophageal cancergastric cancerimmunotherapytargeted therapy

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