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Related Concept Videos

Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

160
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
160
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

224
The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
224
Transition Zone01:28

Transition Zone

124
The transition zone in concrete is a critical area where aggregate meets cement paste, marked by a distinct porosity and weakness compared to the surrounding material. The adhesion around the aggregates is primarily due to Van Der Waals forces. The voids within this zone influence its robustness; initially, it is less durable than the surrounding bulk mortar due to larger voids. Initially, when concrete is compacted, a higher water-cement ratio near the aggregates leads to the formation of...
124
Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry01:13

Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry

143
Mortar joint deterioration is a significant concern in masonry structures, with water accumulation in the joints leading to damage from freeze-thaw cycles. The repeated expansion of water during freezing and its melting during thawing develop and propagate cracks in the masonry joints. Eventually, this leads to the spalling of mortar from the joints, loosening masonry units and weakening the structure. The deteriorated mortar joints are also vulnerable to moisture intrusion into the walls.
The...
143
Drying Shrinkage01:21

Drying Shrinkage

108
When hardened concrete is exposed to air with a relative humidity of less than 100 percent, it begins to lose the free water within its capillaries. As this water evaporates, the water initially adsorbed onto the calcium silicate hydrates migrates towards these now empty spaces and eventually evaporates as well. Over time, as more water leaves, the volume of the concrete decreases, a phenomenon known as drying shrinkage.
A portion of this drying shrinkage can be reversed; if the concrete is...
108

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
07:42

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material

Published on: December 20, 2024

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Degradation and Failure Phenomena at the Dentin Bonding Interface.

Lamia Sami Mokeem1, Isadora Martini Garcia2, Mary Anne Melo2

  • 1Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Biomedicines
|May 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Dental bonding interface degradation causes restoration failure. Novel strategies like bioinspiration and nanotechnology aim to enhance bonding longevity and prevent recurrent caries, reducing costly replacements.

Keywords:
collagen degrading enzymesdental etchingdental restoration failuresmear layer

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Operative Dentistry
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • The dentin-adhesive interface is crucial for dental restoration longevity.
  • Degradation at this interface, due to hydrolysis and microbial attack, leads to premature restoration failure and recurrent caries.
  • Restoration replacement, a common clinical practice, results in progressive tooth structure loss, termed the "tooth death spiral".

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a narrative review of the dentin bonding interface.
  • To discuss challenges, degradation factors, and clinical relevance of dental bonding.
  • To outline recent advancements in improving dental bonding longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Discussion of dentin anatomy and bonding principles.
  • Analysis of degradation mechanisms and influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Identified key factors contributing to resin-dentin interface degradation.
  • Highlighted the clinical significance of recurrent caries and restoration replacement cycles.
  • Summarized current research directions including bioinspiration and nanotechnology.

Conclusions:

  • Improving dental bonding longevity is critical to prevent the "tooth death spiral" and preserve tooth structure.
  • Bioinspiration, nanotechnology, and advanced techniques offer promising avenues to combat interface degradation.
  • Further research is needed to translate these advancements into durable clinical solutions.