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Mood Stabilizers of First and Second Generation.

Janusz K Rybakowski1

  • 1Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.

Brain Sciences
|May 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This review details mood stabilizers, classifying them into first-generation (e.g., lithium) and second-generation (e.g., atypical antipsychotics) based on their introduction and efficacy in treating bipolar disorder.

Keywords:
antipsychotic drugsbipolar depressionbipolar mood disorderfirst generationmaintenance treatmentmaniasecond generationthird generation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Mood stabilizers are crucial for managing bipolar disorder.
  • Classifying mood stabilizers aids in understanding their therapeutic evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and describe mood-stabilizing drugs.
  • To classify mood stabilizers into generations based on their introduction and properties.
  • To review clinical experiences and current suggestions for mood stabilizer use in bipolar disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of mood stabilizers.
  • Classification of mood stabilizers into first-generation and second-generation.
  • Description of drugs including lithium, valproates, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics, and lamotrigine.

Main Results:

  • First-generation mood stabilizers (FGMSs) include lithium, valproates, and carbamazepine (1960s-1970s).
  • Second-generation mood stabilizers (SGMSs), starting in 1995, include atypical antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, risperidone) and lamotrigine.
  • Some drugs show potential but do not fully meet the author's criteria for mood stabilizers.

Conclusions:

  • Mood stabilizers are categorized into two generations with distinct pharmacological profiles.
  • Understanding these classifications is key for effective bipolar disorder treatment and prevention of mood recurrences.