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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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nc886, an RNA Polymerase III-Transcribed Noncoding RNA Whose Expression Is Dynamic and Regulated by Intriguing

Yeon-Su Lee1, Yong Sun Lee2

  • 1Rare Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

nc886, a non-coding RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase III, shows variable expression due to promoter methylation, transcription factors, and RNA instability. This review examines nc886

Keywords:
CpG methylationRNA polymerase IIInc886regulationtranscription factor

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) have diverse cellular roles.
  • nc886 is a notable example of a Pol III-transcribed ncRNA with roles in tumorigenesis and innate immunity.
  • The expression of Pol III-transcribed ncRNAs is not always constitutive, challenging previous assumptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the variable expression of nc886 in physiological and pathological conditions.
  • To critically examine the regulatory mechanisms controlling nc886 expression levels.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nc886 transcription, regulation, and function.
  • Analysis of factors influencing nc886 expression, including promoter methylation and RNA instability.

Main Results:

  • nc886 expression is highly variable and not constitutive.
  • Multiple mechanisms regulate nc886 transcription, including promoter CpG DNA methylation and transcription factor activity.
  • RNA instability significantly contributes to the variable steady-state expression levels of nc886.

Conclusions:

  • nc886 expression is tightly regulated by complex mechanisms.
  • Understanding nc886's variable expression is crucial for comprehending its roles in health and disease.
  • Further research into nc886 regulation can reveal therapeutic targets for nc886-associated conditions.