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Characterization of Systemic and Culprit-Coronary Artery miR-483-5p Expression in Chronic CAD and Acute Myocardial

Olga Volodko1,2, Natalia Volinsky1, Merav Yarkoni3

  • 1The Lydia and Carol Kittner, Lea and Benjamin Davidai Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Surgery and Research Institute, Tzafon Medical Center, Affiliated with Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Tiberias 1528001, Israel.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNA-483-5p shows a distinct coronary arterial gradient in acute myocardial infarction patients, differing from chronic coronary artery disease. This microRNA may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading global cause of mortality.
  • Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) levels in circulation impact gene expression and pathophysiology in chronic and acute myocardial infarction (MI) states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare microRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood versus coronary arteries of male patients with chronic CAD and acute MI.
  • To investigate the role of microRNA-483-5p (miR-483-5p) as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from peripheral arteries and proximal coronary arteries during coronary catheterization from chronic-CAD, acute-MI (STEMI/NSTEMI), and control patients.
  • RNA extraction, miRNA library preparation, and Next Generation Sequencing were performed.
  • In silico gene target analysis was conducted for miR-483-5p.

Main Results:

  • A significant 'coronary arterial gradient' of miR-483-5p was observed in acute MI patients compared to chronic CAD patients (p = 0.035) and controls versus chronic CAD (p < 0.001).
  • Peripheral miR-483-5p was downregulated in both acute MI and chronic CAD patients compared to controls (p < 0.005).
  • Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated miR-483-5p's association with chronic CAD (AUC = 0.722, p < 0.001), with 79% sensitivity and 70% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The high miR-483-5p coronary arterial gradient in acute MI suggests localized mechanisms in response to myocardial ischemia.
  • MiR-483-5p targets genes involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and wound healing.
  • MiR-483-5p is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:
coronary artery diseaseculprit arterymiR-483-5pmyocardial infarctionnext generation sequencing

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