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Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Uveitis in Korean Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Retrospective

Jinsoo Kim1, Min Seon Park1, Soonil Kwon1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-U) affects nearly 10% of Korean children with JIA. Persistent oligoarthritis and knee joint involvement are key risk factors for developing JIA-U.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting children.
  • Uveitis is a significant complication of JIA, potentially leading to vision impairment.
  • Identifying risk factors for JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U) is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features of JIA-U in Korean children.
  • To identify risk factors associated with the development of JIA-U.
  • To analyze the outcomes of JIA-U in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records of 306 Korean children with JIA diagnosed between 2006 and 2019.
  • Analysis of clinical data, laboratory findings, and follow-up information for patients with ≥1 year of follow-up.
  • Statistical analysis to determine risk factors for JIA-U development.

Main Results:

  • JIA-U developed in 9.8% of the studied JIA patients.
  • The oligoarthritis-persistent subtype (33.3%) and enthesitis-related arthritis (30.0%) were common JIA subtypes in the uveitis group.
  • Baseline knee joint involvement (76.7% vs. 51.4%) and the oligoarthritis-persistent subtype were significantly associated with increased JIA-U risk.

Conclusions:

  • In Korean children with JIA, JIA-U is a notable complication.
  • The oligoarthritis-persistent subtype and knee joint involvement are significant risk factors for developing JIA-U.
  • Final visual acuity in JIA-U patients was generally tolerable, emphasizing the importance of early detection and management.

Keywords:
jointjuvenile idiopathic arthritiskneerisk factoruveitis

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