Using Nanomaterials for SARS-CoV-2 Sensing via Electrochemical Techniques.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Public health innovations require low-cost, user-friendly solutions.
• Electrochemical sensors are being developed for low-cost SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis by the WHO.
• Nanostructures offer optimal electrochemical behavior for diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the application of nanostructures in electrochemical sensors for infectious disease detection.
• To highlight the potential of these sensors for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.
• To provide fundamental knowledge for future applications in biomarker sensing.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing nanostructures (metal, 1D, 2D materials) in electrochemical sensor development.
• Applying these sensors for in vitro and in vivo detection.
• Focusing on electrochemical detection principles for biomarker sensing.

Main Results:

• Nanostructures (10 nm to few micrometers) exhibit optimum electrochemical behavior: quick response, sensitivity, selectivity, and portability.
• Successful application of nanostructure-based sensors in detecting various infectious diseases, including SARS-CoV-2.
• Electrochemical methods enable cost reduction and versatile nanomaterial integration for target detection.

Conclusions:

• Nanostructure-based electrochemical sensors are a promising alternative to existing diagnostic techniques.
• These sensors are vital for rapid, sensitive, and selective SARS-CoV-2 detection, particularly in resource-limited settings.
• Current research provides a foundation for advancing electrochemical sensing in public health.