Double and Square Bessel-Gaussian Beams

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Beam Propagation
• Laguerre-Gaussian Beams

Background:

• Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beams are fundamental in optics.
• Existing BG beams have limitations in stability and control.
• Need for novel beam structures for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To derive and characterize new types of Bessel-Gaussian beams.
• To analyze the propagation properties of these novel beams in free space.
• To explore potential applications of these beams.

Main Methods:

• Derivation of a transform relating standard BG beams to half-integer order BG beams.
• Analysis of square vortex BG beams and double-BG beams.
• Development of propagation expressions as series of Bessel function products.

Main Results:

• Obtained a transform for half-integer order BG beams with quadratic radial dependence.
• Characterized square vortex BG beams and double-BG beams.
• Derived expressions for free-space propagation of these beams.
• Introduced a vortex-free power-function BG beam that propagates as a superposition of lower-order beams.

Conclusions:

• The study expands the toolkit of finite-energy vortex beams with orbital angular momentum.
• These novel beams show promise for stable light propagation in turbulent atmospheres.
• Potential applications include wireless optical communications and particle manipulation in micro-machines.