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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 29, 2025

Limbal Approach-Subretinal Injection of Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy in Mice Retinal Pigment Epithelium
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Long Non-Coding RNAs and Proliferative Retinal Diseases.

Anamika Sharma1,2, Nikhlesh K Singh1,2

  • 1Integrative Biosciences Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.

Pharmaceutics
|May 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key players in various retinopathies. Understanding their roles could lead to novel diagnostics and gene-based therapies for vision loss.

Keywords:
AMDLncRNAsdiabetic retinopathyproliferative vitreoretinopahtyretinal vein occlusionretinopathy of prematurity

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Retinopathy encompasses retinal disorders often stemming from vascular damage, potentially causing vision loss or blindness.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in biological processes.
  • Bioinformatics has identified potential lncRNA involvement in retinal disorders, but mechanistic insights are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of lncRNAs in various retinopathies.
  • To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs in retinal diseases.
  • To discuss how lncRNAs can be utilized for identifying and treating conditions like AMD, DR, CRVO, PVR, and ROP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on lncRNAs and retinopathies.
  • Analysis of bioinformatics findings linking lncRNAs to retinal disorders.
  • Discussion of potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of lncRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Several lncRNAs have been identified as potentially significant in retinal disorders.
  • lncRNAs offer potential for long-term, tailored treatments, contrasting with temporary benefits from traditional therapies.
  • Mechanistic understanding of lncRNA function in retinopathies is still developing.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a promising frontier for understanding and treating retinopathies.
  • Targeting lncRNAs could offer novel diagnostic markers and effective gene-based therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into lncRNA mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation in managing vision-threatening conditions.